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Purified water standard |
| Publisher: Suzhou Huanke Pharmaceutical Equipment Technology Co., Ltd Time:2023-03-07 14:58:28 Number of clicks:487 Close |
First of all, when it comes to the pharmaceutical industry and pharmaceutical water, it must be acknowledged that the minimum quality standard of pharmaceutical water is drinking water, if it meets the GB drinking water, it is a kind of pharmaceutical water, if not, it must be purified in the water production room, at least to meet the drinking water standards before being transported to the point of use.
Whether tap water, well water, river water, lake water, or mountain spring water, there is only one principle in the pharmaceutical industry as a source water: if the source water meets or exceeds the drinking water, it is the minimum standard pharmaceutical water, if not, it needs to be treated. Because Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises can not get safe and stable drinking water as the source water from the municipal pipe network system, therefore, there will be differences with European and American developed countries in the formulation of pharmacopoeia standards and the implementation of GMP.
First, talk about the purified water preparation method, a concept: Purification water, source water (drinking water) + appropriate purification process = pharmacopoeia purified water, objectively speaking, drinking water +RO/EDI can prepare purified water, so, foreign purification water specifically refers to RO/RO or RO/EDI such devices (the premise is drinking water and above), domestic because there is no drinking water, so, Chinese pharmaceutical industry usually defaults the purification water dispenser to 'pretreatment facility + purification facility' two parts. For this reason, similar EDI module design is different in China, Europe and the United States. For example, in the United States, because some enterprises directly use drinking water as raw water without pretreatment facilities, the concentrated water outlet of EDI module is designed separately from the polar water outlet, and the concentrated water outlet can generally be directly back before RO. The polar water outlet is suggested to directly discharge or return to other front-end processes that can remove residual chlorine. However, in China, because EDI concentrated water and polar water can be directly returned to the pre-treated original water tank, the EDI module design of some manufacturers using the combination of concentrated water mouth and polar water mouth directly back to the original water tank is also in line with the requirements. (1) distillation of purified water preparation, there is a method called distillation, in fact, in the pharmaceutical industry preparation of purified water link has been ignored, this is mainly because my domestic water temperature for room temperature hot press distilled water machine has not been widely popularized, and multi-effect distilled water machine because of high water temperature, is not suitable, in fact, Drinking water + hot pressure distilled water machine can completely prepare in line with the pharmacopoeia of purified water. One more tidbit: Objectively speaking, drinking water + multi-effect distilled water machine can prepare water for injection in line with the pharmacopoeia (see US Pharmacopoeia WFI preparation method), because WFI focuses on the removal of endotoxin technology, the range of endotoxin indicators in drinking water is generally not more than 50-100EU/ml. The endotoxin removal capacity of conventional distillation method (hot pressing, domestic and foreign conventional multi-effect) is 2-3 log. Therefore, there is no technical problem in the preparation of water for injection with endotoxin content less than 0.1EU/ml by drinking water + distillation method, and there is no problem in the domestic use of purified water + distillation (hot pressing or multi-effect). Because purified water endotoxin indicators (usually 1-10 EU/ml) are much better than drinking water. Why do similar companies promise endotoxin less than 0.01EU/ml in multi-effect distilled water? Because of its internal spiral separation technology, the removal of endotoxin can be improved from 2-3log to 4log. Therefore, theoretically, the multi-effect distilled water machine with drinking water + internal spiral technology can prepare endotoxin less than 0.01EU/ml water for injection. However, in our pharmacopoeia, the source water for the preparation of water for injection must be purified water, and there are often suppliers who claim that endotoxin can be controlled below 0.003EU/ml, which is not exaggerated at all. Just talked about a lot of distillation, in fact, hot pressure distilled water machine is able to prepare purified water, hot pressure distilled water machine at the beginning of the research and development unit for the United States military, mainly used for unclean lake water and other sources of drinking water into potable drinking water, the same way, it also has the ability to drinking water into in line with the pharmacopoeia of room temperature purified water. (2) Characters, pH, non-volatile matter, ammonia Although every country's pharmacopoeia has its particularity, the development of purified water index of Chinese pharmacopoeia, we still need to comply with the national conditions of our country and the comprehensive evaluation of the pharmacopoeia department. However, the discussion today is only for an explanation based on the development and changes of European pharmacopoeia and American pharmacopoeia, and to provide a reference for Chinese pharmacopoeia committee. It can be clearly seen that the four indexes of character, pH, non-volatile matter and ammonia are not tested by European and American pharmaceutical companies. Because European Pharmacopoeia purified water for 'water in bulk' and 'water in container' two forms, that is, commonly known as bulk water/raw material water and packaging water/product water. The four indexes of character, PH, non-volatile matter and ammonia have clear determination range in European pharmacopoeia, which is only measured in water in container. Why is water in container a pharmacopoeia water type? Because in Europe, Some special conditions are allowed to buy 'product water' from other enterprises for pharmaceutical production, which is not open for the time being in our country. (3) Nitrate and nitrite Look at the following comparison table, it is obvious that the Chinese pharmacopoeia has set these two indicators very strictly, which may be related to China's national conditions. Many enterprises use tap water as pharmaceutical water (drinking water). Therefore, in order to more strictly supervise, the Chinese pharmaceutical industry has set more strict indicators for nitrate and nitrite. To be sure, the European Pharmacopoeia only requires 0.2ug/ml nitrate, and the starting point for formulating this indicator should be based on the source water being potable water. It should be noted that the United States Pharmacopoeia in 1996 encouraged online monitoring technology to replace the detection of trace elements, and the European Pharmacopoeia has clearly eliminated the detection requirements of purified water nitrate content and appearance on April 1, 2018. Chinese pharmaceutical companies often say that nitrite (even nitrate) index exceeds the standard. On the one hand, our index is strict, which can easily lead to the detection index exceeds the standard. On the other hand, the possible reason is that the nitrate removal/nitrite removal capacity of the purification machine itself is not enough, which may also be related to the design of the pretreatment machine. (4) Heavy metals As can be seen, the purified water index of Chinese pharmacopoeia and European Union pharmacopoeia has a heavy metal content regulation, while the water for injection index of Chinese pharmacopoeia has a heavy metal content regulation, while the WFI does not have a heavy metal content regulation, which is mainly because pharmaceutical water with low electrical conductivity cannot detect heavy metal content. |
